MORPHO-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF COLOUR NAMES IN IGBO

Abstract

Language is a profound reflection of human culture and perception. Colour contains rich cultural, mythical, historical, religious, political, and linguistic connotations. The morpho-semantic analysis of color names in Igbo, a language spoken by the Igbo people of Nigeria, delves into the intricate relationship between linguistic morphology and the semantics of colors. This study aims to unravel the underlying structures and meanings associated with color terms in the Igbo language, exploring how these terms are constructed morphologically and the nuanced semantic distinctions they carry. In Igbo, color terms are often composed of morphemes that convey specific meanings. The study examines the morphological components of color names, dissecting the root words, prefixes, and suffixes that contribute to the overall meaning. Additionally, it investigates the semantic dimensions of these terms, exploring the cultural and contextual factors that influence the interpretation of colors in Igbo society. This research adopts a descriptive approach in the analysis of color terminology in Igbo language. It made use of the criteria outlined by Berlin and Kay (1969) in arriving at ‘two–term basic colour system in the language. This research observed two basic colour terms which are ‘ocha’, oji/nji (white and black) while the rest are referred to as the non-basic colour terms in the language. The research methodology also involves a comprehensive analysis of Igbo color vocabulary, considering both basic color terms and more complex expressions. Linguistic corpora, native speaker interviews, and historical texts are employed to gather data for analysis. Through this rigorous linguistic investigation, the study uncovers the morphological patterns in the formation of color names, shedding light on the systematic processes underlying Igbo morphology. Furthermore, the research explores the cultural connotations and symbolism associated with different colors in Igbo culture. It delves into how specific colors are used in traditional rituals, ceremonies, and everyday life, reflecting the cultural significance and social meanings attached to these hues. By examining the semantic nuances of color terms, the study provides valuable insights into the cultural perceptions of colors in the Igbo community. The findings of this study have implications not only for linguistics but also for anthropology and cultural studies. Understanding the morpho-semantic aspects of color names in Igbo enriches our knowledge of both the language's structure and the cultural contexts in which it is embedded. This research contributes to the broader understanding of how language reflects and shapes cultural perceptions, emphasizing the intricate interplay between language, culture, and cognition within the Igbo-speaking community.